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WHOLENESS AS A BASIC ASSUPTION FOR UNDERSTANDING OF MEANING PROVIDED BY ARCHITECTURAL LANGUAGE
Kinnert, Filip ; Löw, Jiří (referee) ; Michl, Jan (referee) ; Horáček, Martin (advisor)
Is it possible to perceive places and architectural forms as meaningful but without symbolic references? Is it possible to talk about the spirit of a place and life in things without kitschy sentimentality? This thesis approaches architecture as a built environment, and studies how we humans can relate to the context of the natural environment not only by means of interventions but also by satisfying the urge for meaning by mutual co-creation. A certain way of thinking, mainly oriented toward utility and abstract concepts, makes it impossible for us to viscerally connect with our environment. This appears as a part of the environmental crisis, the loss of sense of place, and the inability to create new soulful places. The theoretical basis for this thesis is theories by Christopher Alexander. His idea of wholeness overcomes the apparent alienation from nature, or the division between the subject and so-called “objective reality” and allows us to approach life and the environment in another way than as a mere mechanism. From the perspective of wholeness, the study of architectural language consists of recognizing the meanings of architectural forms as references on the one hand and, on the other hand, meanings of forms that express value by themselves. The latter belongs to the experience of our own subjectivity. Such meanings are expressed for example by art, but they are present in everyday life, and they can be reflected in the order of things, or in places thanks to our own experience of home – a place par excellence. In this endeavor for recognition, I search for support in the works of researchers of the phenomenological approach to architecture, and experts in the fields of philosophy, art, and science, who seem to work with the same assumption of wholeness. Using induction, comparison, and logical argumentation, I point to the correlations between the approaches, and I use their terminology as complementary in my own observations and examples. I offer this thesis to the discussion on the unified architectural theory. I also see opportunity in a vision of sensitive continuity on the richness of the architectural heritage without showing off the “ever new" architectural forms and, on the contrary, scrupulous imitation of "historical" forms. The mainly theoretical work is added with empirical research, in which I point out that some non-visual characteristics of structures can be of the same or even greater importance in evaluating the degree of life (wholeness) than the visual complexity. In doing so, I question some of the conclusions of the leading researchers in the field who investigate the concept of wholeness quantitatively.
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How to think Architecture in a new way. Late though of Peter Eisenman and his critical theory of architecture
Tourek, Jiří ; Říha, Cyril (advisor) ; Pětová, Marie (referee) ; Zervan, Marian (referee)
Dissertation thesis "How to think Architecture in a new way. Late though of Peter Eisenman and his critical theory of architecture" tries to summarise and analyse the key thoughts of architect and thinker Peter Eisenman in his late oeuvre. The point of departure of his theoretical thinking seems to be refusal of any timeless essence of architecture and a will to "dislocate" architecture from influence of metaphysics. The way to this is "criticality", a notion constituted with three basic terms: interiority (the interiority of architecture defines the discipline, what it is that makes architecture singular), exteriority (external concepts that change architecture by being internalised into the discipline and changing it) and anteriority (anteriority is the sedimented history of architecture; history of interiority). These three terms are according to Eisenman connected in a notion of "undecidability" that serves as a central criterium to criticality and in a "diagram" that is a mean to overcome metaphysical implications of architecture. At the end of the thesis there is a summary of Eisenman's theoretical work and its importance and an attempt is made to set so conceived whole in its entirety to the thought of "end of metaphysics". In this context is Eisenman seen to be in a position similar from...
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Touch of Bohemia in Bavaria. Vault to Vault - a Journey from the South to Bohemia and Back. (A text on the Function of the So-called Dientzenhofer Sketchbook in Architecture Training during the Barogue Period)
Štěrbová, Daniela ; Macek, Petr (advisor) ; Oulíková, Petra (referee) ; Schütz, Bernhard (referee)
Univerzita Karlova v Praze Filozofická fakulta Ústav pro dějiny umění Obecná teorie a dějiny umění a kultury - Dějiny výtvarného umění Daniela Štěrbová České vlivy v Bavorsku Pole za polem - cesta z jihu do Čech a zpět (Příspěvek k poznání výuky architektury v barokní době na příkladu tzv. Dientzenhoferovského skicáře) Böhmen in Bayern Joch für Joch - der Weg vom Süden nach Böhmen und zurück (Forschungsbeitrag zur Architekturlehre in der Barockzeit anhand des sog. Dientzenhofer-Skizzenbuches) Abstrakt vedoucí práce: Ing. Petr Macek, PhD. 2015 Abstrakt Der vorliegende Text befasst sich mit einer Plangruppe aus dem sog. Dientzenhofer- Skizzenbuch und ihrer didaktischen Funktion im Rahmen der barocken Architekturlehre. Anhand von halbierten Kirchengrundrissen wurden architektonische Prinzipien und Themen geübt, deren Variieren darauf abzielte, verschiedene raumgliedernde Motive auszuprägen. Dies stellte ein praktisches Pendant zur herkömmlichen Traktat-Literatur dar. Schlüsselwörte Dientzenhofer-Skizzenbuch, Architekturlehre, Architekturtheorie, Didaktik, Barock, Raumgliederung, Wandpfeilerraum Abstrakt Následující příspěvek se zabývá vybranou skupinou plánů z tzv. Dientzenhoferovského skicáře a její didaktickou funkcí v rámci výuky architektury v barokní době. Pomocí půlených půdorysů kostelních staveb byly...
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How to think Architecture in a new way. Late though of Peter Eisenman and his critical theory of architecture
Tourek, Jiří ; Říha, Cyril (advisor) ; Pětová, Marie (referee) ; Zervan, Marian (referee)
Dissertation thesis "How to think Architecture in a new way. Late though of Peter Eisenman and his critical theory of architecture" tries to summarise and analyse the key thoughts of architect and thinker Peter Eisenman in his late oeuvre. The point of departure of his theoretical thinking seems to be refusal of any timeless essence of architecture and a will to "dislocate" architecture from influence of metaphysics. The way to this is "criticality", a notion constituted with three basic terms: interiority (the interiority of architecture defines the discipline, what it is that makes architecture singular), exteriority (external concepts that change architecture by being internalised into the discipline and changing it) and anteriority (anteriority is the sedimented history of architecture; history of interiority). These three terms are according to Eisenman connected in a notion of "undecidability" that serves as a central criterium to criticality and in a "diagram" that is a mean to overcome metaphysical implications of architecture. At the end of the thesis there is a summary of Eisenman's theoretical work and its importance and an attempt is made to set so conceived whole in its entirety to the thought of "end of metaphysics". In this context is Eisenman seen to be in a position similar from...
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